First impression of Festung Brest

Festung-Brest-Regelbau-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns

Bunker of Seeziel-Batterie ”Portzic I” overlooking La Rade de Brest

Brest

Stahlbeton global positioning map –

Festung Brest

Port city Brest was very important for the German occupier

Because of this the Kriegsmarine strengthened the position of this military port. For example, in the harbour a big naval bunker for submarines was constructed. Additionally many other structures with different functions were erected around this bunker.

Eventually the city was given the military status of Festung Brest, which meant the defenders were ordered to defend it at all costs. In order to create an impregnable fortress many fortifications were built.

Short description

In Festung Brest bunkers were constructed for different purposes

At first Festung Brest received not less than three Navy Coastal batteries (”Portzic I-II-III”) and fifteen Anti-Aircraft batteries for air defence. In the port a big naval bunker for the U-boote was available.

All around the city a Landfront was erected. It started in Sainte-Anne du Portzic and passed Kerzenniel and Fort Montbarey in the west. Then it headed north to Keranroux and Mesnos and crossed the river Penfeld. Finally it turned downwards heading towards the commercial ports. 

Anti-tank ditches, infantry positions and different kind of weapons were positioned along this fortified front.

Within Festung Brest several headquarters were established for command and some of them still remain. For example, in W.N. B 42 a Regimental headquarters was available. And in W.N. B 323 the Marine Artillerie Abteilung 262 was headquartered. In W.N. B 315 the headquarters of the III. Marine Flak Brigade were established, responsible for the air defence above Brest. From Stp. U-Boothafen (W.N. B 115) command of the complete fortress was given. 

Subsequently, being an actual part of Festung Brest, the Strongpoint Espagnols on the Pointe des Espagnols was heavily fortified as well. This position seemed to seal off the Rade de Brest, together with Stp. Portzic on the city side.

Stahlbeton – What is left today

All photos are made during summer 2022

Command-post-(Sonderkonstruktion)

W.N. B 90

1 505

Bunker-505-Casemate-for-anti-tank-gun

Bunker-505-Casemate-for-anti-tank-gun

Bunker-505-Casemate-for-anti-tank-gun

Bunker-505-Casemate-for-anti-tank-gun

Bunker-505-Casemate-for-anti-tank-gun

Bunker-505-Casemate-for-anti-tank-gun

Bunker-505-Casemate-for-anti-tank-gun

2 Unknown position

Unknown-position

Unknown-position

Unknown-position

3 515

Bunker-515-Machine-gun-casemate-with-forward-apron

Bunker-515-Machine-gun-casemate-with-forward-apron

Bunker-515-Machine-gun-casemate-with-forward-apron

Bunker-515-Machine-gun-casemate-with-forward-apron

Bunker-515-Machine-gun-casemate-with-forward-apron

W.N. B 92

B 93-18 – 634

Bunker-634-6-Embrasured-turret-bunker

Bunker-634-6-Embrasured-turret-bunker

Bunker-634-6-Embrasured-turret-bunker

Bunker-634-6-Embrasured-turret-bunker

W.N. B 96

626

Bunker-626-Casemate-for-7,5cm-Pak-with-roof-canopy

Bunker-626-Casemate-for-7,5cm-Pak-with-roof-canopy

Bunker-626-Casemate-for-7,5cm-Pak-with-roof-canopy

W.N. B 97

1 B 97-15 – 634

Bunker-634-6-Embrasured-turret-bunker

2 601

Bunker-601-Anti-tank-gun-bunker-with-roof-canopy

Bunker-601-Anti-tank-gun-bunker-with-roof-canopy

W.N. B 100 – Seeziel-Batterie ”Portzic I-II-III” – 2./M.A.A. 262, 6./M.A.A. 262

Seeziel-Batterie ”Portzic I” – 2./M.A.A. 262

1 671

Bunker-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns

2 671

Bunker-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns

Bunker-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns

3 671

Bunker-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns

Bunker-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns

4 671

Bunker-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns

Bunker-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns

Seeziel-Batterie ”Portzic II” – 6./M.A.A. 262

1 669

Bunker-669-Casemate-for-field-guns (60°)

2 669

Bunker-669-Casemate-for-field-guns (60°)

Seeziel-Batterie ”Portzic III” – 6./M.A.A. 262

1 671

Bunker-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns-(120º)

Bunker-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns-(120º)

2 Open emplacement

Bunker-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns-(120º)

3 671

Bunker-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns-(120º)

Bunker-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns-(120º)

Bunker-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns-(120º)

Bunker-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns-(120º)

4 671

Bunker-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns-(120º)

Bunker-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns-(120º)

Bunker-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns-(120º)

W.N. B 103

1 515

Bunker-515-Machine-gun-casemate-with-forward-apron

2 B 104-14 – 505

Bunker-505-Casemate-for-anti-tank-gun

Bunker-505-Casemate-for-anti-tank-gun

Bunker-505-Casemate-for-anti-tank-gun

Bunker-505-Casemate-for-anti-tank-gun

Bunker-505-Casemate-for-anti-tank-gun

Bunker-505-Casemate-for-anti-tank-gun

Bunker-505-Casemate-for-anti-tank-gun

Bunker-505-Casemate-for-anti-tank-gun

Bunker-505-Casemate-for-anti-tank-gun

Bunker-505-Casemate-for-anti-tank-gun

Bunker-505-Casemate-for-anti-tank-gun

W.N. B 105

1 ‏‎515

Bunker-515-Machine-gun-casemate-with-forward-apron

Bunker-515-Machine-gun-casemate-with-forward-apron

Bunker-515-Machine-gun-casemate-with-forward-apron

Bunker-515-Machine-gun-casemate-with-forward-apron

2 515

Bunker-515-Machine-gun-casemate-with-forward-apron

Bunker-515-Machine-gun-casemate-with-forward-apron

3 648

Bunker-648-Bunker-with-1-single-embrasure-turret

Bunker-648-Bunker-with-1-single-embrasure-turret

Bunker-648-Bunker-with-1-single-embrasure-turret

B U-boxe

1 Tobruk position

Tobruk-position

Tobruk-position

Tobruk-position

2 Machinery bunker

Machinery-bunker

Machinery-bunker

3 Submarine bunker

Submarine-bunker

Submarine-bunker

Submarine-bunker

4 Unknown structure (in VF)

Unknown-structure

W.N. B 111 – Stab Seekommandant

1 Guard (in VF)

Guard

Guard

2 Personnel shelter (Sonderkonstruktion)

Personnel-shelter

Personnel-shelter

Personnel-shelter

3 Communication post (Sonderkonstruktion)

Communication-post

4 Observation post

Observation-post

Positions C 42, C 43, C 44, C 45, C 46, C 47, C 48, C 49 and C 50

To be visited in the future

1 Tobruk position

Tobruk-position

2 Machine gun position

Machine-gun-position

Machine-gun-position

3 Unknown structure

Unknown-structure

4 127

27-128 – 128

Bunker-128-Twin-group-bunker-with-forward-apron

127

Bunker-127-Group-bunker-with-forward-apron

Bunker-127-Group-bunker-with-forward-apron

501

Bunker-501-Group-shelter

Bunker-501-Group-shelter

1 117a

Bunker-117a-Battalion&regimental-headquarters

Bunker-117a-Battalion&regimental-headquarters

Bunker-117a-Battalion&regimental-headquarters

2 118b

Bunker-118b-Dressing-station

677

Bunker-677-Casemate-for-8,8cm-Pak43-41

1 Emplacement for 5cm anti-tank gun

Emplacement-for-5cm-anti-tank-gun

Emplacement-for-5cm-anti-tank-gun

2 VF 1a

Bunker-VF1a-Group-shelter

Bunker-VF1a-Group-shelter

Bunker-VF1a-Group-shelter

Bunker-VF1a-Group-shelter

Bunker-VF1a-Group-shelter

3 667

Bunker-667-Small-5cm-Kwk-casemate

Bunker-667-Small-5cm-Kwk-casemate

Bunker-667-Small-5cm-Kwk-casemate

Bunker-667-Small-5cm-Kwk-casemate

4 Tobruk position

Tobruk-position

Tobruk-position

Tobruk-position

5 VF 1a

Bunker-VF1a-Group-shelter

Bunker-VF1a-Group-shelter

Bunker-VF1a-Group-shelter

Bunker-VF1a-Group-shelter

6 600 (assumed)

Bunker-600-Emplacement-for-5cm-tank-gun

1 501

Bunker-501-Group-shelter

2 Tobruk position

Tobruk-position

3 VF 1a (assumed)

Bunker-VF1a-Shelter-for-up-to-6-men

B 63-3 – 501

Bunker-501-Group-shelter

1 B 69-1 – 502

Bunker-502-Twin-group-shelter

Bunker-502-Twin-group-shelter

Bunker-502-Twin-group-shelter

Bunker-502-Twin-group-shelter

Bunker-502-Twin-group-shelter

Bunker-502-Twin-group-shelter

2 B 67 – VF 1a (assumed)

Bunker-VF1a-Shelter-for-up-to-6-men

Bunker-VF1a-Shelter-for-up-to-6-men

Bunker-VF1a-Shelter-for-up-to-6-men

3 Tobruk position

Tobruk-position

B 70-2 – VF 1a

Bunker-VF1a-Shelter-for-up-to-6-men

B 71-1 – VF 1a

Bunker-VF1a-Shelter-for-up-to-6-men

1 B 72-1 – VF 1a (assumed)

Bunker-VF1a-Shelter-for-up-to-6-men

2 Tobruk position

Tobruk-position

Tobruk-position

1 Unknown structure

Unknown-structure

2 669

Bunker-669-Casemate-for-field-guns (60°)

3 669

Bunker-669-Casemate-for-field-guns (60°)

Bunker-669-Casemate-for-field-guns (60°)

Bunker-669-Casemate-for-field-guns (60°)

Bunker-669-Casemate-for-field-guns (60°)

4 Unknown structure

Unknown-structure

Unknown-structure

5 669

Bunker-669-Casemate-for-field-guns (60°)

1 Small 5 cm Kwk casemate

Small 5 cm Kwk casemate

2 128

Bunker-128-Twin-group-bunker-with-forward-apron

Bunker-128-Twin-group-bunker-with-forward-apron

Bunker-128-Twin-group-bunker-with-forward-apron

3 Tobruk position

Tobruk-position

117a (assumed)

Bunker-117a-Battalion&regimental-headquarters

Bunker-117a-Battalion&regimental-headquarters

1 Personnel shelter (in VF)

Personnel-shelter-(in-VF)

Personnel-shelter-(in-VF)

2 Unknown structure (in VF)

Personnel-shelter-(in-VF)

Personnel-shelter-(in-VF)

Personnel-shelter-(in-VF)

Personnel-shelter-(in-VF)

Unknown structure

Unknown-structure

1 Storage bunker

Storage-bunker

Storage-bunker

Storage-bunker

Storage-bunker

2 Bathing

Bathing

Bathing

Bathing

Bathing

3 Unknown structure

Unknown-structure

Unknown-structure

4 Command post (assumed)

Command-post

Command-post

5 Command post with annexed structure (assumed)

Command-post

Command-post

Command-post

Command-post

6 Storage bunker (water)

Storage-bunker-(water)

Storage-bunker-(water)

1 Wellblech

Wellblech-bunker

Wellblech-bunker

2 Unknown structure

Unknown-structure

Unknown-structure

3 Fl 304

Bunker-Fl304-Fire-control-post-for-heavy-AA-battery

1 671

Bunker-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns (120°)

Bunker-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns (120°)

Bunker-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns (120°)

2 671

Bunker-671-Casemate-for-medium-pivoting-guns (120°)

3 Unknown origin

Unknown-structure

4 Position for AA gun

Position-for-AA-gun

5 Command post (Sonderkonstruktion)

Command-post-(Sonderkonstruktion)

Command-post-(Sonderkonstruktion)

Command-post-(Sonderkonstruktion)

Command-post-(Sonderkonstruktion)

Command-post-(Sonderkonstruktion)

6 Machine gun position

Machine-gun-position

Machine-gun-position

Fire control post (VF)

Fire-control-post-(in-VF)

Fire-control-post-(in-VF)

Fl 307

Bunker-Fl307-Unit-emplacement-for-12,8cm-Flak40-gun

1 Fl 243b

Bunker-Fl243b-Heavy-AA-emplacement-without-annexes

Bunker-Fl243b-Heavy-AA-emplacement-without-annexes

2 Fire control post

Fire-control-post

3 Fl 243b

Bunker-Fl243b-Heavy-AA-emplacement-without-annexes

Bunker-Fl243b-Heavy-AA-emplacement-without-annexes

4 502

Bunker-502-Twin-group-shelter

1 Anti-tank wall

Anti-tank-wall

2 667

Bunker-667-Small-5cm-Kwk-casemate

Bunker-667-Small-5cm-Kwk-casemate

Bunker-667-Small-5cm-Kwk-casemate

1 Fl 243b

Bunker-Fl243b-Heavy-AA-emplacement-without-annexes

2 Unknown structure

Unknown-structure

Unknown-structure

3 Fl 243b

Bunker-Fl243b-Heavy-AA-emplacement-without-annexes

Bunker-Fl243b-Heavy-AA-emplacement-without-annexes

Bunker-Fl243b-Heavy-AA-emplacement-without-annexes

Bunker-Fl243b-Heavy-AA-emplacement-without-annexes

4 Unknown structure

Unknown-structure

Unknown-structure

1 Ammunition bunker (assumed)

Ammunition-bunker

2 Ammunition bunker (assumed)

Ammunition-bunker

Ammunition-bunker

3 Fl 243b

Bunker-Fl243b-Heavy-AA-emplacement-without-annexes

Bunker-Fl243b-Heavy-AA-emplacement-without-annexes

Bunker-Fl243b-Heavy-AA-emplacement-without-annexes

4 Fl 243b

Bunker-Fl243b-Heavy-AA-emplacement-without-annexes

Bunker-Fl243b-Heavy-AA-emplacement-without-annexes

1 Fl 243b

Bunker-Fl243b-Heavy-AA-emplacement-without-annexes

2 Fl 243b

Bunker-Fl243b-Heavy-AA-emplacement-without-annexes

3 Unknown structure

Unknown-structure

1 Large dressing station (Sonderkonstruktion)

Large-dressing-station-(S.K.)

Large-dressing-station-(S.K.)

Large-dressing-station-(S.K.)

Large-dressing-station-(S.K.)

Large-dressing-station-(S.K.)

2 Machinery and garage bunker (Sonderkonstruktion)

Machinery-and-garage-bunker-(S.K.)

Large dressing station (Sonderkonstruktion)

Large-dressing-station-(S.K.)

Large-dressing-station-(S.K.)

Large-dressing-station-(S.K.)

Future update

Future update

Future update